AWS Adopts Random Graph Network Architecture as Default Cloud Fabric
Data Center Dynamics, Friday, June 5th, 2026
AWS makes its random-graph Resilient Network Graphs fabric the default, cutting routers 69% and boosting throughput 33%.
AWS has detailed a new data center networking architecture based on random graph theory, called Resilient Network Graphs (RNG), which it says became the default fabric for most new AWS data centers globally as of April 2026.
RNG replaces traditional hierarchical 'fat-tree' designs with a flatter topology that improves resilience, throughput, and efficiency at hyperscale: it reduces routers in aggregation fabrics by 69%, delivers 33% higher throughput, and cuts network equipment power consumption by 40%, with cost savings of 9% to 45% versus fat-tree designs.
The architecture relies on ShuffleBox, an optical device that standardizes physical cabling while creating the quasi-random connectivity the design requires, and Spraypoint, a routing protocol that distributes traffic across the fabric without routers needing to maintain large forwarding state.